Fig. 4
IM differentiation into kidney progenitor cells in 2D and 3D culture conditions in vitro. (A) Time schedules for renal differentiation by differentiating EV (dEV) in 2-dimensional (2D) condition. (B) The gene expression levels of renal differentiation factors in IMctrl and IMdEV−2D by RT-qPCR (n = 3). (C) Western blot analysis of representative differentiation markers for IMctrl, IMdF and IMdEV−2D. (D) The schematic image of IM differentiation into renal progenitor cells in 3-dimensional condition using transwell culture system with PMEZ/dEV scaffolds. (E) The proliferation of IM with or without PMEZ scaffold on transwell system for 7 days (n = 3). (F) The gene expression levels of renal differentiation factors in IMctrl and PMEZ/dEV/IM (IMdEV−3D) by RT-qPCR (n = 3). (Values are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3) and statistical significance was obtained with unpaired t tests or one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey’s multiple comparison post-test (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001))