Fig. 3
Characterization of renal differentiating extracellular vesicles. (A) Time schedules for renal differentiation and acquisition of differentiating EV (dEV). (B) The gene expression levels of renal differentiation factors in IMctrl and IMdF by quantitative PCR with reverse transcription (RT-qPCR; n = 3). (C) The overview of isolations for two types of EVs (cEV and dEV). (D) Zetaview analysis for the number and size of total particles of cEV and dEV. (E) Western blot analysis of cEV and dEV for representative markers of EVs. (F) Assessment of EV morphologies by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). (Scale bars equal to 100 nm). (G) Quantification of differentiation factors (FGF9, and BMP7) in cEV and dEV using ELISA analysis. (Values are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3) and statistical significance was obtained with unpaired t tests or one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey’s multiple comparison post- test (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001))