Fig. 5From: Current aspects of small extracellular vesicles in pain process and reliefPotential application of modified sEVs for pain relief. The engineered modification of sEVs encompasses both endogenous and exogenous approaches. The integration of sEVs with biomaterials, artificial NVs, and the hybridization of liposomes with sEVs also demonstrate promising analgesic capabilities. sEV: small extracellular vesicle; NV: nanovesicleBack to article page