Fig. 2

In vitro toxicity of RD@MBs against 4T1 cells and the activation of in vitro immune system. a CLSM images of 4T1 cells treated with R@MBs, D@MBs and RD@MBs. 4T1 cells were stained with calcein AM (green, live cells) and propidium iodide (red, dead cells) (scale bar = 25 μm). b CLSM images showing the CRT exposure on 4T1 tumor cells after various treatments. Blue, DAPI-labeled nucleus; green, FITC–conjugated anti-CRT antibody-labeled CRT (scale bar = 50 μm). c The scheme of the co-culture system. d-e Representative FCM results of matured DCs (CD11c⁺CD80⁺CD86⁺) after different treatments and corresponding quantitative analysis of DC maturation. f-g Secretion levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in matured DCs suspensions. Data are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3). Statistical significances were calculated via Student’s t test, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001