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Table 1 The volumetric and histomorphometric parameters estimated from the μ-CT images of the upper three threads around the ROI (p < 0.05a, p < 0.01b, and p < 0.001c, n = 6)

From: Enhanced osseointegration of dental implants with reduced graphene oxide coating

Implant Group

Variable

NBV* (mm3)

BIC* (%)

ITBD* (%)

Control (ST)**

 Mean

22.26

63.26

60.96

 SD

4.05

4.70

4.74

BI-ST**

 Mean

27.58

70.20 a

65.33

 SD

4.16

5.07

5.11

BT-ST**

 Mean

32.42a

79.34b

77.37b

 SD

3.07

6.09

5.18

R-ST**

 Mean

41.84b

89.45c

88.58c

 SD

4.27

5.32

5.83

  1. *NBV New Bone Volume, BIC Bone-to-Implant Contact, ITBD Intra-Thread Bone Density
  2. **ST: SLA Ti; BI-ST: rhBMP-2-immobilized ST; BT-ST: rhBMP-2-treated ST; R-ST: rGO-coated ST