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Fig. 3 | Biomaterials Research

Fig. 3

From: Self-assembled peptide-substance P hydrogels alleviate inflammation and ameliorate the cartilage regeneration in knee osteoarthritis

Fig. 3

(A) Micro-CT images of rabbit knee joints from the surgical induction model at 6 months post-surgical induction. (B) Bone mineral density (BMD) was calculated by scanning a phantom from the micro-CT results (n = 3 in each group, (*, p < 0.05 by Kruskal–Wallis and post-hoc Mann–Whitney U tests with Bonferroni correction). (C) Evaluation of the Modified Mankin score according to cartilage structure, cartilage cells, alcian blue staining, and tidemark integrity (*, p < 0.05). (D) Histological studies of the rabbit knee joint surgical induction model at 6 months after surgical induction. The figure shows macroscopic images of H&E (upper line) and alcian blue (lower line) staining. Scale bars: 200 μm. (E) The expression of TGF-β1 in the subchondral bone in the immunofluorescent-stained images and (F) the quantified TGF-β1 expression area for each group (µm2) (*, p < 0.05). Scale bars: 100 μm

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