Fig. 4

Spheroid formation efficiency and viability of hMSC spheroids cultured in anti-gravity bioreactor. A Spheroids formation efficiency in anti-gravity bioreactor at 12 and 24 h (n = 6). B Relative CASPASE-3 mRNA expression levels of hMSCs evaluated by qRT-PCR (n = 6). C Western blot analysis of hMSCs for apoptotic (CASPASE-3) and anti-apoptotic (BCL-2) factors in hMSCs at 12 h. D Fluorescent images of live (green) and dead (red) hMSCs using FDA/EB assay at 12 h. Scale bars = 100 μm. E Representative images of TUNEL (red)-positive apoptotic hMSCs at 12 h. Scale bars = 150 μm