Techniques | Advantages | Disadvantages | |
---|---|---|---|
Growth Factors | Easy and faster treatment, Multiple growth factor options available Efficient in 2D differentiation. Production of more homogeneous cell population | This method involves 2D differentiation thus does not mimic human in-vivo condition. Longer differentiation time that requires numerous sub-cultures. Requires enormous amount of growth factors | |
Embryoid Body | Mimics human physiological (in-vivo condition). Fast, more effective, and more efficient differentiation. | Possibility of necrotic zone formation. Production of heterogeneous cell population | |
Other techniques | OP9 monolayer cells | OP9 cells provide the necessary supplements, cytokines and growth factors for MSC differentiation. Results to production of cells with better trilineage differentiation. | Possibility of animal cells contamination. Longer differentiation time Additional sorting step is required |
Selective pressure | Homogeneous cell population. Animal free cells, Results to production of cells with better trilineage differentiation. | Longer time required, Negative effect of trypsin over cells, High batch-to-batch variations due to the complete dependency on cell passaging | |
Genetic manipulations | Faster differentiation, Effective and efficient differentiation Results to production of cells with better trilineage differentiation. | Trained laboratory technicians required. Costly, Possibility of genetic mutations. | |
Epigenetic inhibitor | Fast differentiation, good osteogenic potential | Results to production of cells with poor trilineage differentiation. |