Fig. 6From: Identification of cell-biologic mechanisms of coronary artery spasm and its ex vivo diagnosis using peripheral blood-derived iPSCsSchematic figure of the mechanism underlying VSMCs hyper-responsiveness in VSA patients. Compared to the status in normal subjects, the increased SUMOylation of SERCA2a in VSA patients enhances its stability, amount, and activity, in turn increasing intracellular calcium efflux and VSMCs hyperreactivity leading to vessel contractionBack to article page