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Table 4 List of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide composites and their biosensing applications

From: Recent biomedical advancements in graphene oxide- and reduced graphene oxide-based nanocomposite nanocarriers

Composite

Application

Target Molecule

Method of Detection

Ref

PAMMA-rGO

Protein detection

Thrombin

ECL

[37]

Arg/Au@Fe3O4–rGO

Clinical diagnostics/ immunology

APE-1

ECL immunoassay

[38]

rGO-Ca:CdSe

Clinical diagnostics/ immunolgy

Prostate specific antigen

Photoelectrochemical immunoassay

[185]

ABEI-PEI-PFO dots-rGOs/PtNPs

Sensitive bioanalysis/ clinical

Kidney injury molecule-1

ECL immunoassay

[186]

rGO/Au

Cancer detection

L-Cysteine

Fluorescence sensing

[35]

Dex-rGO

Antiviral discovery screening

Dengue virus

Fluorescence quenching and recovery

[182]

GO-PEGMA

Noninvasive detection/targeting

DNA

Thrombin

Adenosine

miR-10b

Fluorescence quenching

[187]

  1. Abbreviation: ABEI N-(aminobutyl)-N-(ethylisoluminol), APE Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1, Arg Arginine, Au Gold, Ca Calcium, CdSe Cadmium selenide, Dex Dextran, Fe3O4 Iron oxide, GO Graphene oxide, Poly(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl), PAMMA Polyamidoamine, PEGMA Polyethylene glycol methyl-ether-methacrylate, PEI Polyethylenimine, PFO Poly(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl), PtNPs Platinum nanoparticles, rGO Reduced graphene oxide