Fig. 3From: Three-dimensional printed polylactic acid scaffold integrated with BMP-2 laden hydrogel for precise bone regenerationAssessment of osteoinductivity of BMP-2 released from PLA/Biogel scaffold. a Releasing profile of BMP-2 from cage and cage/Biogel. About 90% of BMP-2 was released in the first 3 h from the PLA cage, while the 85% of the BMP-2 was released in 4 days in the PLA cage/Biogel group. (n = 2) b Cell viability assessment. The PLA or Biogel showed no significant cytotoxic effects on mMSCs. (n = 2) c ALP assay result. The results showed the ALP activity of PLA cage/Biogel/BMP-2 group was comparable with BMP-2 group. (n = 2) d, ALP staining result. The PLA cage/Biogel/BMP-2 group showed comparable ALP staining with BMP-2 and PLA cage/Biogel group. Scale bar: 250 μm. e, RT-PCR results. The PLA cage/Biogel/BMP-2 group showed comparable transcription levels of ALP, Runx-2, BSP and OCN. (n = 2)Back to article page