From: Recent advances in melanin-like nanomaterials in biomedical applications: a mini review
Biomedical applications | Template | Size | Functional additives | Ref | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Therapy | ROS scavenger | pDA NP | 80 nm | – | [24] |
160 nm | w/ and w/o Cu2+ | [25] | |||
Photodynamic therapy | pDA/PEG coating on CaCO3 | 40 nm | Photosensitizer: chlorin e6 | [26] | |
Photothermal therapy | pDA NP | 160 nm | – | [27] | |
PEGylated pDA NP | 78 nm | Anticancer drug: doxorubicin, 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin | [28] | ||
Drug delivery system | pDA NP | 75–400 nm | Anticancer drug: camptothecin | [29] | |
PEGylated pDA NP | 28 nm | Ligand: triphenylphosphonium Anticancer drug: doxorubicin | [30] | ||
Polyethylenimine-decorated pDA NP | 60–80 nm | Therapeutics: plasmid DNA | [31] | ||
Poly (methacrylic acid) -coated pDA capsule | 300 nm | Anticancer drug: doxorubicin | [32] | ||
pDA coating on insulin NP | 50, 71, 84 nm (coating) | – | [33] | ||
pDA/PEG coating on mesoporous silica NP | 193.08 nm | Ligand: folic acidAnticancer drug: doxorubicin | [34] | ||
Bioimaging and theranostics | Photoacoustic Imaging | Ethylenediamine/PEG-coated pDA NP | 130 nm | – | [35] |
pDA-coated AuNP | 150 nm | – | [36] | ||
PDA-coated Fe3O4 NP | 15 nm | 64Cu | [37] | ||
Melanin NP | 42.5 ± 2.1 nm | Targeting moiety: poly-L-lysine | [38] | ||
Magnetic resonance imaging | pDA NP | 51, 119, 188 nm | Cu (II) | [39] | |
PEGylated pDA NP | 70–300 nm | Mn (II) | [40] | ||
25–43 nm | Fe (III) | [41] | |||
PEGylated Melanin NP | 13 nm | Gd (III), Cu (II) | [42] | ||
Biosensing | Fluorescent pDA | pDA with ethylenediamine NP | Tens of nm | – | [43] |
pDA NP reduced by NaBH4 | 34.83 nm | – | [44] | ||
Fluorescence quencher | Mesoporous pDA NP | 70 nm | Fluorescein amidites (FAM)-labeled DNA probe | [45] | |
pDA-coated upconversion NP | 5 nm (coating) | Cy3-aptamer | [46] |