Skip to main content

Table 1 Imaging technique for diagnosis

From: Theranostics and contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging

Imaging modality

Type of probe

Sensitivity

Spatial resolution

Advantages

Disadvantages

Reference

MRI

Gd, Mn, Ln, Iron oxide, Iron platinum

Low

25–100 μm

No radiation

High resolution (soft tissue)

Slow scan

High cost

Noise

[109,110,111]

X-ray, CT

I, Au, Bi, Xe

Low

20–100 μm

Low cost

High resolution (bone fractures)

Radiation

[112, 113]

Gamma ray

PET (18F, 68Ga)

SPECT (99mTC, 111In, 177Lu)

High

1–2 mm

High sensitive

High resolution (biological processes)

Less noise

High cost

Radiation

[114, 115]

Ultrasound

Microbubbles

low

50–500 μm

No radiation

Fast scan

Non-invasive

Ease of procedure

Low cost

Low resolution

[116]