From: Theranostics and contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging
Imaging modality | Type of probe | Sensitivity | Spatial resolution | Advantages | Disadvantages | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MRI | Gd, Mn, Ln, Iron oxide, Iron platinum | Low | 25–100 μm | No radiation High resolution (soft tissue) | Slow scan High cost Noise | |
X-ray, CT | I, Au, Bi, Xe | Low | 20–100 μm | Low cost High resolution (bone fractures) | Radiation | |
Gamma ray | PET (18F, 68Ga) SPECT (99mTC, 111In, 177Lu) | High | 1–2 mm | High sensitive High resolution (biological processes) Less noise | High cost Radiation | |
Ultrasound | Microbubbles | low | 50–500 μm | No radiation Fast scan Non-invasive Ease of procedure Low cost | Low resolution | [116] |