Anti-aging effect and gene expression profiling of dung beetle glycosaminoglycan in aged rats

Biomaterials Research

Table 1 Serological findings of aged rats treated with CaG or IQG for 1 month

Organ function	Parameter	Unit	CON	CaG5	IQG5	CS10
Fatty liver	Phospholipid	mg/dL	271.78 ± 91.74	233.67 ± 71	173.2 ± 32.02*	259.7 ± 57.27*
	Hyaluronic acid(HA)	ng/mL	36.44 ± 12.66	30.44 ± 8.19	35 ± 2.96	42.89 ± 22.06
	Free fatty acid	μEq/L	686.78 ± 104.67	431.33 ± 66.22*	405.6 ± 63.39*	566.9 ± 115.38*
Tonic	Albumin(S)	g/dL	4.33 ± 0.4	3.59 ± 0.34*	3.52 ± 0.29*	3.83 ± 0.36*
Hepatitis	ALP	U/L	85.44 ± 27.06	82.89 ± 19.9	158.9 ± 39.78	99.89 ± 22.24
	AST(SGOT)	U/L	76.67 ± 34.68	52.22 ± 10.3	60.89 ± 5.69	56.33 ± 12.19
	ALT(SGPT)	U/L	76.33 ± 40.21	36.78 ± 8.0*	43.22 ± 13.86*	53.44 ± 11.36*
	LDH	U/L	500.22 ± 403.35	247.22 ± 170	216 ± 60.61	345.9 ± 202.14
Heart Function	CK	U/L	125.78 ± 91.66	102.89 ± 65.73*	91.22 ± 24.74	131.2 ± 62.56
Diabetes	Glucose(S)	mg/dL	435.11 ± 105.42	304 ± 44.44*	275.9 ± 43.18*	317.8 ± 60.31*
Lipidemia	Cholesterol,total	mg/dL	212.67 ± 92.82	181.44 ± 68.4	124.1 ± 23.6*	198.9 ± 44.43
	Triglyceride	mg/dL	207.89 ± 101.95	136.22 ± 61.6	103.3 ± 35.59*	183.4 ± 104.74
	LDL Cholesterol	mg/dL	74.67 ± 44.91	69 ± 31.3	41.44 ± 10.14*	65.22 ± 18.52
	HDL Cholesterol	mg/dL	110.56 ± 10.22	92.22 ± 24.5	78.22 ± 9.40*	114.2 ± 7.85
	Creatinine	mg/dL	0.6 ± 0.09	0.53 ± 0.06	0.55 ± 0.06	0.56 ± 0.05
Nepritis	BUN	mg/dL	19.09 ± 2.45	16.71 ± 3.07	19.36 ± 2.91	20.92 ± 3.27
Nepritis	Uric acid	mg/dL	10.9 ± 2.26	8.12 ± 1.48*	6.49 ± 0.89*	8.14 ± 2.17*
Edema	Protein,total	mmol/L	7.46 ± 0.32	6.91 ± 0.24*	7.23 ± 0.25	7.23 ± 0.35
Rheumatis	CRP(HS)	mg/L	0.51 ± 0.48	0.32 ± 0.13	0.42 ± 0.24	0.31 ± 0.19

Each value represents mean ± S.D. Asterisk marks (*) mean significant differences compared with the control (PBS) group (p < 0.05)

ISSN: 2055-7124