Table 3 Classification of ORN by Epstein et al. [[7]
From: New approach for the treatment of osteoradionecrosis with pentoxifylline and tocopherol
Stage | Description | Symtoms | Treatment |
|---|---|---|---|
I | Resolved, healed | None | Follow-up, prevention of recurrence |
Ia | No pathologic fracture | Â | Â |
Ib | Pathologic fracture | Â | Reconstructed |
II | Chronic, persistent non-progressive | None, or controlled | Local wound care |
Antiseptics/antibiotics, analgesics, hyperbaric oxygen (if indicated) | |||
IIa | No pathologic fracture | Â | Â |
IIb | Pathologic fracture | Jaw dysfunction | Â |
III | Active, preogressive | Progressive | Local wound care |
Antiseptics/antibiotics, analgesics, hyperbaric oxygen (if indicated) | |||
IIIa | No pathologic fracture | Â | Â |
IIIb | Pathologic fracture | Jaw dysfunction | Â |