Table 1 Characteristics, risk factors, conservative and surgical treatment of ORN [[9–13]
From: New approach for the treatment of osteoradionecrosis with pentoxifylline and tocopherol
| Osteoradionecrosis of jaw | |
|---|---|
| Characteristics | Irradiated bone becomes devitalized and exposed through the overlying skin or mucosa without healing for 3months, without recurrence of tumor |
| Most case happen in mandible | |
| 70-94% of cases developed within the first 3 years after radiotherapy | |
| Risk factors | Hyperfractionated irradiation regimen - High total dose (6000-7000cGy) |
| Recent reports have suggested that when chemotherapy is added to radiotherapy the incidence of ORN may be increased | |
| Pre-irradiation and post-irradiation dental extractions | |
| Poor oral hygien with periodontal disease | |
| Tobacco and alcohol use | |
| Conservative treatment | Improve oral hygiene |
| Minimal surgical debridement | |
| Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) | |
| Medical management: pentoxifylline, tocopherol | |
| Surgical treatment | Sequestrectomy, Saucerization |
| Segmental resection and Free flap reconstruction |