Scheme 1

Schematic illustration of macrophage-membrane-coated and a TGF-βR1 kinase inhibitor (SD-208)-loaded nanoparticle (Mϕ-SDNP) for anti-cancer and anti-metastatic immunotherapy

Mϕ-SDNP effectively targets cancer cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Dual TGF-β signaling inhibition by Mϕ-SDNP suppresses cancer cell metastasis and reprograms TAMs for immunoboosting