Fig. 9
From: Application of advanced biomaterials in photothermal therapy for malignant bone tumors
Mechanism diagram of NO treatment combined with PTT. A Schematic illustration of TiO2@UCN/Qr/LA nano-shovel on Ti implants for tumor ablation, biofilm elimination, vascularization, and bone regeneration. B H&E, TUNEL, and Ki-67 staining of tumor sites on day 15. Scale bar: 200 µm. Abbreviation: Quercetin (Qr), L-Arginine (LA), human umbilical vein endothelium cells (HUVECs), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), titanium dioxide nano-shovel/quercetin/L-arginine (TiO2@UCN/Qr/LA), Osteogenesis-related gene (OCN, OPN, and RUNX2). Reproduced with permission from Ref. [203]