Fig. 2

In vitro cellular uptake profile of LNP candidates (a) 4T1 cells were treated with six LNPs (0.1 mg/mL) and their endocytosis was observed via CLSM for 24 h, showing increasing intracellular fluorescent signals over time. b The fluorescent intensities of endocytosed LNPs were quantified and plotted as a function of time (n = 3). c 4T1 cells were treated with six LNPs at various concentrations from 0.01 to 200 μM and conducted with CCK-8 assay, expressing no significant toxicity. ns = not significant, ***p < 0.001