Fig. 10
From: Exosome-bearing hydrogels and cardiac tissue regeneration
Regenerative potential of Exo-loaded hyaluronic acid hydrogel in a rat model of transverse aortic constriction (TAC). H & E staining was performed 28 days after hydrogel administration (a; Scale bar: 200 μm). Different functional parameters, including were LVIDd, LVIDs, LVFS, LVEDV, LVESV, and LVEF were measured using echocardiography before TAC (b) and 28 days after TAC induction (c). The levels of fibrotic changes were evaluated using Masson’s Trichrome staining in rats that received PBS, hydrogel alone (HA), and Exo-loaded hydrogel (ExoGel) 28 days after transplantation (d; Scale bar: 400 μm). LV chamber area (e; n = 5); LV wall thickness (f; n = 5); Interstitial fibrosis rate (g). One-Way ANOVA analysis with post hoc Bonferroni test. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ****p < 0.0001. HA: heart failure; LV: left ventricle; LV internal diameter end diastole: LVIDd; End-systole: LVIDs; LV fractional shortening: LVFS; LV end-diastolic volume: LVEDV; LV end-systolic volume: LVESV; and LV ejection fraction: LVEF. Copyright 2022 [165]. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology