Fig. 7
From: mRNA nanodelivery systems: targeting strategies and administration routes
A Selective ORgan Targeting (SORT) strategy allowed mRNA-LNPs to precisely deliver mRNA into specific organs. Adding additional lipid ingredients (permanent cationic lipid, permanent anionic lipid or ionizable cationic lipid) to the traditional LNPs systematically changed the targeted delivery of mRNA-LNPs. Adding 20% ionizable cationic lipid (such as DODAP) enhanced the delivery of mRNA-LNPs to the liver, while adding permanent cationic lipid (50% DOTAP) and permanent anionic lipid (30% 18PA), the expression of luciferase was transferred to lung and spleen respectively. Reproduced with permission [106]. Copyright 2020, Springer Nature. B Optimized CL15A6 LNPs achieved successful transfection of over 80% of HSCs in vivo in liver fibrosis mice. The luciferase activity results revealed a 4-fold higher in the aHSCs compared to hepatocytes, and the CLSM showed mCherry fluorescence was scattered in the perisinusoidal area of liver microenvironment rather than being evenly distributed in the hepatocytes. Reproduced with permission [108]. Copyright 2023, Elsevier. C Mannose-modified mRNA-LNPs was designed for targeted delivery of mRNA-encoded peanut allergen epitopes to LSECs and modulating the immune response in mice. Reproduced with permission [113]. Copyright 2023, American Chemical Society