Fig. 4
From: mRNA nanodelivery systems: targeting strategies and administration routes
Schematic illustration of targeting mechanisms of mRNA NPs. After intravenous injection, NPs achieve specific delivery to organs through passive, endogenous and active targeting. Passive targeting involves adjusting the size, structure and other physicochemical properties of NPs to achieve targeted delivery of mRNA. Endogenous targeting involves binding to different subsets of plasma proteins, guiding NPs to specific organs and being absorbed by target cells. Active targeting relies on modifying the NP surface with specific ligands that can specifically bind to the receptors highly expressed by target cells