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Fig. 2 | Biomaterials Research

Fig. 2

From: GelMA-based bioactive hydrogel scaffolds with multiple bone defect repair functions: therapeutic strategies and recent advances

Fig. 2

Biocompatible composite hydrogel scaffold integrated with GelMA/nHAP and CSA microspheres conjugated 3D porous frameworks for effective bone repair. a Graphic description of the preparation and cell-laden G10-F@Mc hydrogel scaffold for repairing bone defects. b Surface characterization of bio-inks and 3D printed frameworks within the composite hydrogel scaffolds. c In vitro cell behaviors of MC3T3-E1 cells on the hydrogel scaffolds for 7 and 14 days. d In vivo bone regeneration of the hydrogel scaffolds in the mouse skull defects for 4 and 8 weeks. Images reproduced from [17], © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

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