Fig. 5
Hypoxia attenuating and ROS scavenging of macrophages induced by PEG-CNPs in RAW 264.7 cells. a Fluorescence images of RAW 264.7 cells after different treatments. The hypoxia level was indicated by intracellular oxygen indicator [Ru(dpp)3]Cl2. Cells in hypoxia (1% O2) model were used as the control group. Cells in normoxia (21% O2) was used as the positive control. b Western blot analysis of HIF-1α (β-actin, loading control) in RAW 264.7 cells with different treatment strategies. c Flow cytometry analysis of CD86+ macrophages with LPS simulation. d Quantification of the percentage of CD86+ macrophages. IL-1β e, TNF-α f, IL-10 g and TGF-β1 h levels in RAW 264.7 cells with different treatment strategies. i qRT-PCR analysis of HIF-α in RAW 264.7 cells. j Representative ROS staining of RAW 264.7 cells upon different treatments using DCFH-DA probe. k Quantification of fluorescence of DCFH-DA probe (staining ROS) in RAW 264.7 cells upon different treatments. qRT-PCR analysis of IL-1β l and TNF-α m in RAW 264.7 cells. Data represent means ± s.d. n = 3. #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 vs. control group; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs. LPS group